查看完整版本: 户外绳结基础知识

户外绳结基础知识

<hr/> <div twffan="done" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 22px; HEIGHT: 22px;"><div twffan="done" style="FLOAT: left;"><img alt="发贴心情" src="http://www.elteno.com/bbsxp/skins/Default/topicface/face1.gif" twffan="done"/></div><b>户外绳结基础知识</b></div><strong>八字结(Figure-eight Knot)<br/><br/></strong><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-98.jpg" target="_blank"><strong><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-98.jpg" border="0" twffan="done"/></strong></a></div><br/>八字结的结目比单结大，适合作为固定收束或拉绳索的把手，八字结的打法十分简单、<br/>易记：它的特征在于即使两端拉得很紧，依然可以轻松解开。以下介绍两种打法，各位<br/>可以根据绳索的粗细不同分别活用。<br/>打法１：<br/><br/>　　一般最常使用的打法，适合用在绳索较粗时。<br/><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-99-1.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-99-1.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a></div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-99-2.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-99-2.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a></div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-99-3.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-99-3.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a></div><br/><br/>打法２：<br/><br/>　　适用于绳索较细时。<br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-100-1.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-100-1.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a></div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-100-2.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-100-2.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a></div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-100-3.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-100-3.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a></div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-100-4.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-100-4.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a></div><br/><strong>拉结、半船首结(Slipped Reef Knot)<br/></strong><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-114-1.gif" target="_blank"><strong><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-114-1.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></strong></a></div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-114-2.gif" target="_blank"><strong><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-114-2.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></strong></a></div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-114-3.gif" target="_blank"><strong><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-114-3.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></strong></a></div><br/>只要拉Ａ的绳头，就会解开结。<br/><br/><b>背牵结(Harness Loop)</b><br/><br/><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-140.jpg" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-140.jpg" border="0" twffan="done"/></a></div><br/>背牵结是利用绳索的中间部位作为绳圈而广为人知，它原本是用来驯服野马的道具。在<br/>使用绳索拉重物时，人们常用此结作成好几个绳圈，然后再把绳圈套在手腕或肩膀上作<br/>业；因此背牵结又称为人力结。另外，古时候军队移动拖引大炮时，也是利用背牵结达<br/>到目的，所以它也被叫作炮兵结。<br/><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-141-1.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-141-1.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>１、在绳索的中部份作成绳圈，然后把Ａ部份往下拉移；</div><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-141-2.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-141-2.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>２、使绳索成为如图一般的形状，这个形状正<br/>是先前杠杆结的打法２上所示的形状。接着把Ｂ部份朝箭头方向拉出；</div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-141-3.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-141-3.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>3、</div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-141-4.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-141-4.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>４、拉紧结目，完成背牵结。 </div><br/><b>变形称人结</b><br/><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-30.jpg" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-30.jpg" border="0" twffan="done"/></a></div><br/>此种结法也是在称人结打好之后，处理末端的方法。主要是运用在攀岩的活动上。<br/>用称人结缠系物体的时候，如果不想让它脱落，一般的原则是在绳尾处加以处理。但是<br/>变形称人结并不需要末端的处理，也无须担心它会不会松开。在这里，又再次的说明称<br/>人结易结易解的特征。<br/><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-31-1.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-31-1.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>１、使绳索的末端留下足够的长度，打一个称人结</div><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-31-2.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-31-2.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>２、将绳头在部份的绳环上绕一圈，照着箭头的方向通过绳环 </div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-31-3.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-31-3.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>３、将打结处拉紧并理好</div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-31-4.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-31-4.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>４、完成</div><br/><br/><strong>称人结的打法(教练也称布林打法)<br/></strong>这是最基本的结法，打一个绳环后将它打结的方法，要了解称人结，此为最基本的结<br/>法。<br/><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-20-1.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-20-1.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>１、在绳索的中间打一个绳环</div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-20-2.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-20-2.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>２、将绳头穿过绳环的中间 </div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-20-3.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-20-3.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>３、绕过主绳 </div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-20-4.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-20-4.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>４、再次穿过绳环</div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-20-5.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-20-5.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>５、将打结处拉紧便完成</div><br/><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done">[size=6]<b>蝴蝶结、船首结(Bow Knot)</b></div>[/size]<br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-98.jpg" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-98.jpg" border="0" twffan="done"/></a></div><br/><br/>[size=4]绑鞋带时最常使用的结，一般我们称为蝴蝶结；它在日常生活中出现的频率相当高，<br/>只要拉两端的绳头，结目就会自动解开。完成的形状非常美观，经常作为装饰用。[/size]<br/><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-114-4.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-114-4.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a></div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-114-5.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-114-5.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a></div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-114-6.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-114-6.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a></div><br/><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done">[size=6] <b>东帆索绕(Gasket Goll)</b>[/size]</div><br/><br/><br/>[size=4] <div align="center" twffan="done">这是十九世幻中叶以后，商船队或者是海军经常使用的方法，<br/>通常都是用在较粗但不长的绳索上。其特点是不但牢靠且简洁地便能将绳索捆绑起来，<br/>在必要时也可迅速解开。而在保管时，除了可将之平放之外，也可把它挂起来。</div>[/size]<br/><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-78-1.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-78-1.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>[size=4]１、用绳子的一端缠绕已卷成环状的绳子３－<br/>４圈后，将Ａ部穿进环状绳捆中；</div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-78-2.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-78-2.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>２、将Ａ部顺着箭头的方向往前拉； </div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-78-3.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-78-3.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>３、将绳子的末端往上拉；</div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-78-4.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-78-4.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>４、如果将末端系在别的物品上，就可以吊挂起来保<br/>管。 <br/><br/></div><div align="center" twffan="done">[size=6] <b>多重单结(Multiple Overhand Knot)</b></div><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done">[size=4]增加缠绕次数（２－４次左右），打成较大的结形。为了不让结打乱，<br/>须“边打结边整理”为重点所在。这种结用在作为绳子的手握处，或是当绳子要抛向远处理加重其力量。</div><br/><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-89-4.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-89-4.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>１、</div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-89-5.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-89-5.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>２、 </div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-89-6.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-89-6.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>３、</div><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done">[size=4]只要增加缠绕的次数，结形就会变得较大。</div><br/><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done">[size=6] <b>中间结、工程蝴蝶结(Lineman\'s Loop)</b><br/></div><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-142.jpg" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-142.jpg" border="0" twffan="done"/></a></div><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done">[size=4]工程蝴蝶结又称为架线工结或中间结，它和背牵结一样，同是在绳索中间打绳圈的绳结；不过就<br/><br/>牢固与安全性而言，中间结都比背牵结优秀，而且几乎不必担心是否会松散。此外，容易解开也是它的特征之一。<br/><br/>中间结一如其名，经常用在登山时绑在中间的人身上；此时只要作个大绳圈套在中间人的身上即可。同时也可以在<br/><br/>一条绳索上利用.间结作成数小绳圈，这样可以用来装吊手提灯之类的东西，用途广泛。中间结的两种打法如下：</div><br/>打法１：<br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-143-1.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-143-1.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>[size=4]１、利用绳索中间部份作成八字形的绳圈，接<br/>着把Ａ部份往上拉，使其成为图２的形状；</div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-143-1.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-143-1.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>２、再把Ａ部份朝头方向穿过拉出；</div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-143-1.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-143-1.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>３、拉紧结目完成。 </div><br/><br/>打法２：<br/>　　<br/><div align="center" twffan="done">[size=4]虽然结目的形状有点不同，但是仍可将其视为中间结的一种。</div><br/><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-143-4.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-143-4.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>１、将绳索中间部位对折后，把对折的部份往上拉；</div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-143-5.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-143-5.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>２、如图所示，让两个绳圈交叉；</div><br/><div align="center" twffan="done"><a href="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-143-6.gif" target="_blank"><img title="dvubb" alt="图片点击可在新窗口打开查看" src="http://www.8264.com/jiesheng/j-143-6.gif" border="0" twffan="done"/></a>３、同打法１的方法完成结目。</div><br/>
[align=right][color=#000066][此贴子已经被作者于2006-12-14 4:48:53编辑过][/color][/align]